The Voice of Africa

East Africa Cross-Border Payments Plan Moves From Policy to Implementation

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East Africa has taken another significant step towards building a more integrated regional financial system, with the East African Community establishing three technical groups to move its cross-border payment strategy from planning into implementation.

The initiative is designed to make regional payments more secure, efficient, affordable and inclusive across the eight-member bloc. Representatives from the central banks of Burundi, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Somalia, South Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania participated in the first joint meeting of the new Technical Working Groups in Mombasa.

The EAC Secretariat was joined by development partners including the World Bank, GIZ, the FSD Network and TradeMark Africa. The five-day meeting examined the institutional systems that will be required if the region is to move towards genuinely interconnected financial markets. One of the central documents reviewed was a monitoring and reporting framework for 20 strategic initiatives within the EAC Cross-Border Payment System Masterplan.

The framework is designed to establish measurable indicators, baselines and targets, while aligning the regional programme with wider G20 objectives for improving cross-border payments. Officials also reviewed a proposed cooperative oversight framework. That system would clarify how regulators in different EAC states share supervisory responsibilities, exchange information and respond to disputes or crises involving payment systems operating across national borders.

A third proposal could have particularly significant consequences for financial technology companies. The Mutual Recognition Framework would create a form of regional passporting, potentially allowing a properly licensed payment service provider in one partner state to offer authorised services elsewhere in the EAC, subject to applicable requirements.

If successfully implemented, such a system could reduce some of the regulatory barriers that currently make cross-border expansion difficult for African fintech companies. The work builds on a masterplan approved in 2025 to promote financial integration and digital trade.

Rwanda and Tanzania have already been working on a proof of concept linking Tanzania’s Instant Payment System with Rwanda’s National Payment Switch, providing an early practical test of the wider regional vision.

The importance of the project goes beyond banking.

Cross-border payments remain one of the practical obstacles to deeper African economic integration. Businesses may be geographically close to customers in neighbouring states while still facing high transaction costs, incompatible payment systems, currency complications or regulatory barriers. Those obstacles can be particularly burdensome for small businesses and individual traders.

A functioning regional payment network could make it easier for companies to sell goods, receive money and expand across East African markets without every national border creating another layer of financial complexity. It could also strengthen financial inclusion if mobile money and digital financial systems become more easily interoperable.

The EAC has said its wider objective is to create a connected regional digital financial ecosystem in which cross-border transactions increasingly resemble domestic payments in speed and simplicity. That ambition will still require significant technical and regulatory work.

Cybersecurity, consumer protection, data governance and differing national financial regulations will all have to be addressed. But the establishment of working groups is important precisely because regional integration depends on those less visible technical systems.

For Africa, this is where the promise of economic integration becomes tangible. AfCFTA and regional blocs can create legal frameworks for trade, but businesses also need practical infrastructure that allows money to move as easily as goods are expected to. East Africa is now attempting to build that infrastructure. African regional institutions remain comparatively young and integration will inevitably take time, but every system that makes it easier for an entrepreneur in Kampala to transact with a customer in Kigali, Nairobi or Dar es Salaam brings the idea of an integrated African market closer to everyday reality.

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